Ideal Gas Law PV Calculator

Ideal Gas Law Equation:

\[ P \times V = n \times R \times T \]

Pressure (P):

atm

Volume (V):

Amount of Substance (n):

mol

Temperature (T):

P × V:

n × R × T:

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1. What is the Ideal Gas Law?

The Ideal Gas Law (PV = nRT) describes the relationship between pressure (P), volume (V), amount of substance (n), and temperature (T) for an ideal gas. R is the ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K).

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Ideal Gas Law equation:

\[ P \times V = n \times R \times T \]

Where:

\( P \) — Pressure (atm)
\( V \) — Volume (L)
\( n \) — Amount of substance (mol)
\( R \) — Ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)
\( T \) — Temperature (K)

Explanation: The equation shows the proportional relationship between these four variables for an ideal gas.

3. Importance of Ideal Gas Law

Details: The Ideal Gas Law is fundamental in chemistry and physics for predicting the behavior of gases under different conditions, though real gases deviate from ideal behavior at high pressures and low temperatures.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter pressure in atm, volume in liters, amount in moles, and temperature in Kelvin. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is an ideal gas?
A: An ideal gas is a theoretical gas whose molecules occupy negligible space and have no intermolecular forces, obeying the Ideal Gas Law exactly.

Q2: When does the Ideal Gas Law not apply?
A: At high pressures or low temperatures where molecular volume and intermolecular forces become significant.

Q3: How to convert Celsius to Kelvin?
A: Add 273.15 to the Celsius temperature to get Kelvin (K = °C + 273.15).

Q4: What is R in different units?
A: R = 8.314 J/mol·K or 62.364 L·Torr/mol·K, but we use 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K here.

Q5: Can I calculate one variable if I know the others?
A: Yes, the equation can be rearranged to solve for any one variable if the other three are known.