1. What is the Ideal Gas Law?

The Ideal Gas Law (PV = nRT) relates the pressure (P), volume (V), temperature (T), and number of moles (n) of an ideal gas. It combines several gas laws (Boyle's, Charles's, Avogadro's, and Gay-Lussac's) into one fundamental equation.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Ideal Gas Law equation:

Where:

• \( P \) — Pressure (atm)
• \( V \) — Volume (L)
• \( n \) — Number of moles (mol)
• \( R \) — Ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹)
• \( T \) — Temperature (K)

Explanation: The calculator can solve for any one variable if the other three are known. Leave one field as zero to calculate it.

3. Importance of the Ideal Gas Law

Details: The ideal gas law is fundamental in chemistry and physics for predicting the behavior of gases under different conditions, though real gases deviate from ideal behavior at high pressures and low temperatures.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter any three known variables (P, V, n, T) and leave the fourth as zero to calculate it. All values must be positive.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is an ideal gas?
A: An ideal gas is a theoretical gas whose molecules occupy negligible space and have no intermolecular forces, obeying the ideal gas law exactly.

Q2: When does the ideal gas law not apply?
A: At high pressures and low temperatures, real gases deviate from ideal behavior due to molecular volume and intermolecular forces.

Q3: What are common values for R?
A: The value depends on units. Common values include 0.0821 L·atm·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹, 8.314 J·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹, and 62.36 L·torr·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹.

Q4: How to convert to Kelvin?
A: Kelvin = Celsius + 273.15. Always use Kelvin in gas law calculations.

Q5: What if I get a negative result?
A: All inputs must be positive. Negative results indicate invalid input values.