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Ideal Gas Law:
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The Ideal Gas Law (PV = nRT) relates the pressure, volume, amount of substance, and temperature of an ideal gas. It combines several simpler gas laws (Boyle's, Charles's, Avogadro's, and Gay-Lussac's laws) into one comprehensive equation.
The calculator uses the Ideal Gas Law equation:
Where:
Explanation: The equation describes the relationship between four physical properties of an ideal gas. You can solve for any one variable if the other three are known.
Details: The Ideal Gas Law is fundamental in chemistry and physics for predicting the behavior of gases under different conditions. It's used in various applications from industrial processes to understanding atmospheric phenomena.
Tips: Enter three known values (pressure, volume, moles, temperature) and select which variable you want to solve for. All values must be positive numbers.
Q1: What is an ideal gas?
A: An ideal gas is a theoretical gas composed of point particles that interact only through elastic collisions and have no intermolecular forces.
Q2: When does the ideal gas law not apply?
A: At high pressures or low temperatures where real gases deviate from ideal behavior due to molecular volume and intermolecular forces.
Q3: Why must temperature be in Kelvin?
A: The Kelvin scale is an absolute temperature scale where 0 K represents absolute zero, making it appropriate for gas law calculations.
Q4: What is the value of R in other units?
A: R = 8.314 J/mol·K or 62.364 L·Torr/mol·K, but we use 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K in this calculator.
Q5: How accurate is this for real gases?
A: For many gases at standard temperature and pressure, it's reasonably accurate, but for precise calculations with real gases, more complex equations are needed.