1. What is Hydraulic Jump Energy Loss?

Hydraulic jump energy loss (ΔE) represents the energy dissipated when a supercritical flow transitions to subcritical flow. This phenomenon occurs in open channel flows and is important for energy dissipation in hydraulic structures.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the hydraulic jump energy loss equation:

Where:

• \( \Delta E \) — Energy loss (m)
• \( h_1 \) — Upstream depth (m)
• \( h_2 \) — Downstream depth (m)

Explanation: The equation calculates the head loss due to turbulence and mixing in the hydraulic jump, which is proportional to the cube of the depth difference.

3. Importance of Energy Loss Calculation

Details: Calculating energy loss is crucial for designing stilling basins, spillways, and other hydraulic structures where energy dissipation is needed to prevent erosion and structural damage.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter both upstream (h₁) and downstream (h₂) depths in meters. Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a hydraulic jump?
A: A hydraulic jump is a rapid transition from supercritical to subcritical flow, accompanied by turbulent energy dissipation.

Q2: What are typical energy loss values?
A: Energy loss can range from a few centimeters to several meters, depending on the flow conditions and depth ratio.

Q3: Where are hydraulic jumps commonly observed?
A: They occur downstream of sluice gates, below spillways, and in steep channels where the slope suddenly decreases.

Q4: What factors affect energy loss?
A: The primary factors are the upstream and downstream depths, which determine the strength of the jump.

Q5: How is this related to Froude number?
A: The energy loss is greatest when the upstream Froude number is between 4.5 and 9.0, which produces steady jumps with good energy dissipation.